Gongyi Yuying Refractory Co., Ltd. produces various refractory materials: various castables, various taphole clays and refractory bricks:
Taps are refractory materials used to block the iron mouth of iron-making blast furnaces. The quality of its performance is directly related to whether the blast furnace can operate safely. With the large-scale, high wind pressure, and the discharge of a large amount of slag iron in blast furnaces, the quality requirements for taphole clay for blocking the iron mouth are getting higher and higher.
The main components of anhydrous taphole clay are: coke foam, refractory clay powder, asphalt, high-alumina bauxite or brown corundum, silicon carbide, sericite, and dehydrated anthracene oil.
The main functions of coke foam (coke powder) are three aspects:
As aggregate, it enhances the apparent porosity of taphole clay, improves the air permeability of taphole clay, and facilitates the release and escape of volatiles;
Provides carbon to combine with the residual carbon volatilized by tar to form a carbon bond, and the final strength of taphole clay;
Produces a reducing atmosphere to inhibit the oxidation of other raw materials.
Clay powder mainly plays the role of binder and lubricant. It is required that its composition is stable and the water content is low. Otherwise, the plasticity of clay will deteriorate, the adhesion and sintering properties will be weakened, and the workability of taphole mud will deteriorate.
Asphalt and tar are plasticizers and binders. Their water content and addition amount have an important influence on the quality of taphole mud.
Additives include silicon carbide, coarse and fine corundum, high-aluminum fine powder, and sericite. Among them, silicon carbide can improve slag resistance, high-temperature structural strength and thermal stability, and inhibit the oxidation of other raw materials; coarse and fine corundum and high-aluminum fine powder can enhance wear resistance, resistance to slag iron erosion, improve air permeability and volume stability, improve flexural strength, and prevent taphole mud from breaking; sericite, as a medium and low temperature binder, can accelerate the sintering and hardening process, enhance the lubricity and plasticity of taphole mud, and improve the iron mouth operation.
In the specific construction and use process, due to the different blast furnace capacity, the proportions when used are not the same, and the composition of taphole mud also changes.
When used on a 1350m3 blast furnace, there are sometimes problems with leaking iron mouth and poor opening. When the quality of anhydrous taphole mud is normal, the possible reasons are:
The taphole is too shallow, the slag iron is not completely discharged
Poor taphole mud quality
High wind pressure in the furnace, active furnace work
The last time the iron was not completely discharged, the taphole was blocked
The solutions that can be taken are:
Delay the time of withdrawing the taphole when the slag iron is not completely discharged and the taphole is shallow;
Taphole must not be blown three times. If the slag iron is not completely discharged, the wind can be reduced to control the batch of materials until the next time the iron is completely discharged.
Improve the quality of taphole mud and keep the taphole mud sleeve intact;
If the taphole leaks iron, it should be blocked in time, and the taphole can be tapped in time when the tapping conditions are met. The wind can be appropriately reduced in the iron.
1) To block the taphole, the taphole mud needs to have outstanding filling and sintering properties;
2) To tap the iron stably, the taphole mud needs to be easy to open the taphole and resistant to corrosion and erosion;
3) To protect the furnace, the taphole mud needs to be free of cracks when heated sensitively, and the connection strength between the new and old taphole mud is high;
4) The opening function is outstanding, and the drill bit of the taphole machine is easy to drill holes;
5) Moderate plasticity is convenient for taphole mud operation and the formation of taphole mud bags;
6) Outstanding volume stability, small volume change at high temperature, and no iron liquid will leak due to shrinkage.
Matters needing attention in the use of anhydrous taphole mud:
1. Pay attention to heat preservation. Generally, the heat preservation is suitable for 20-60 degrees Celsius. When used in winter, the taphole mud can be placed next to the trench to be baked and used, and the cannon can be dried after loading.
2. It cannot be mixed with water. When filling the mud, water cannot be added to the gun, otherwise the function of the waterless gun mud will be lost.
3. When changing the mud, clean the water gun mud in the gun barrel. The amount of mud to be filled depends on the needs of the iron mouth. It is usually 1/5 or 1/4 of the water gun mud, that is, 80-120 kg.
4. When opening the iron mouth, the size of the iron mouth should be appropriate to ensure the iron-out time. It is usually 60-80mm in diameter.
5. After blocking the iron mouth, do not withdraw the gun immediately. Wait for 10-20 minutes before withdrawing the gun to prevent the iron mouth from blowing open.
6. When using water gun mud, each manufacturer can also treat it in detail according to its own characteristics to protect the iron mouth and ensure * production.
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